42/63= 2/3.
Look for common factors.
You can express 42 as 6 x 7
You can express 63 as 9 x 7
Divide by the common factor of 7, and you get 6/9
6 can be expressed as 2 x 3
9 can be expressed as 3 x 3
Divide by the common factor of 3 and you get 2/3
There are no more common factors, so thats your answer.
If you're smart, you'd see that 21 was a common factor too, taking you straight to 2/3, but in general, its simpler to find and use smaller factors and repeat the process until there are no more factors.
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