What are the three reasons for a bicameral legislature?

During the American Founding Period, the Framers (or, Founders) of the new nation created a bicameral legislative branch of government for a number of reasons. The principal reasons are as follows: First, they intended to allow the general populace to have a substantial, if not complete, say in the governance of the nation, hence their formation of the House of Representatives. Second, they intended to reserve space for specialists (one might even say 'elites') in the governance of the nation, hence their formation of the Senate.