Gene transfer from one bacterium to another through infection by a bacteriophage is called transduction. During this process, a bacteriophage (a virus that infects bacteria) incorporates bacterial DNA into its own viral genome and, upon infecting a new bacterial host, can introduce this genetic material into the new cell. This mechanism allows for the horizontal gene transfer of traits, such as antibiotic resistance, among bacteria. Transduction is one of the three main methods of horizontal gene transfer, alongside transformation and conjugation.
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