Allies:
United Kingdom/British Empire
- George V - King of the United Kingdom and the other Commonwealth Realms, Emperor of India
- H. H. Asquith - Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (Until 5 December 1916)
- D. Lloyd George - Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (From 7 December 1916)
- Horatio Herbert Kitchener - Secretary of State for War (5 August 1914 - 5 June 1916)
- William Robertson - Chief of the Imperial General Staff
- John French - Commander-in-Chief of the British Expeditionary Force (4 August - 15 December 1915)
- Douglas Haig - Commander-in-Chief of the British Expeditionary Force (15 December 1915 - 11 November 1918)
- "Jackie" Fisher - First Sea Lord - (1914 - May 1915)
- Henry Jackson - First Sea Lord - (May 1915 - November 1916)
- John Jellicoe - First Sea Lord (November 1916 - December 1917)
Commonwealth of Australia- Billy Hughes - Prime Minister of Australia (1915 - end of war)
- John Monash - Commander of the Australian Corps (all five Australian infantry divisions serving on the Western Front) (May 1918 - )
Dominion of Canada- Robert Borden - Prime Minister of Canada (1914-1918)
- Sam Hughes- Minister of Militia and Defence (1914- January 1915)
- Joseph Flavelle- Chairmen of Imperial Munitions Board (1915-1919)
- Julian Byng (June 1916 - June 1917) Canadian Corps commander
- Edwin Alderson - Commander of the unified Canadian Corps of the Canadian Expeditionary Force (26 January 1915-September 1915)
- Arthur Currie - Commander of the unified Canadian Corps of the Canadian Expeditionary Force (June 1917 - )[2]
Indian Empire- John Nixon commander of the British Indian Army (active in the Middle East)
Union of South Africa- Louis Botha - Prime Minister of South Africa
- Jan Smuts - Led forces in South-West Africa Campaign and East African Campaign, later member of the Imperial War Cabinet
Russia
- Nicholas II - Russian Emperor, King of Poland, and Grand Duke of Finland. (Until 15 March 1917)
- Grand Duke Nicholas Nikolaevich - Commander-in-chief (1 August 1914 - 5 September 1916) and viceroy in the Caucasus
- Alexander Samsonov - Commander of the Russian Second Army for the invasion of East Prussia (1 August 1914 - 29 August 1914)
- Paul von Rennenkampf - Commander of the Russian First Army for the invasion of East Prussia (1 August 1914 - November 1914)
- Nikolai Ivanov - Commander of the Russian army on the Southwestern Front, (1 August 1914 - March 1916) responsible for much of the action in Galicia
- Aleksei Brusilov - Commander of the South-West Front, then provisional Commander-in-Chief after the Tsar's abdication (February 1917 - August 1917)
- Lavr Georgievich Kornilov - Commander of the South-West Front, then Commander-in-Chief (August 1917)
France
- Raymond Poincaré - President of France
- René Viviani - Prime Minister of France (13 June 1914 - 29 October 1915)
- Aristide Briand - Prime Minister of France (29 October 1915 - 20 March 1917)
- Alexandre Ribot - Prime Minister of France (20 March 1917 - 12 September 1917)
- Paul Painlevé - Prime Minister of France (12 September 1917 - 16 November 1917)
- Georges Clemenceau - Prime Minister of France (From 16 November 1917)
- Joseph Joffre - Commander-in-Chief of the French Army (3 August 1914 - 13 December 1916) and Marshal of France
- Robert Nivelle - Commander-in-Chief of the French Army (13 December 1916 - April 1917)
- Philippe Pétain - Commander-in-Chief of the French Army (April 1917 - 26 March 1918) and Marshal of France
- Ferdinand Foch - Commander-in-Chief of the French Army and Marshal of France, Supreme Allied Commander (26 March 1918 - 11 November 1918)
- Milan Rastislav Stefanik - General of French Army, Commander of Czechoslovak Legions
Serbia
- Peter I - King of Serbia
- Vojvoda Radomir Putnik - Chief of the General Staff of the Serbian Army
- Vojvoda Petar Bojović - Commander of First Army, later Chief of General Staff
- Vojvoda Stepa Stepanović - Commander of Second Army
- Vojvoda Živojin Mišić - Commander of 1st Serbian Army
- serdar Janko Vukotić - Commander of 1st Serbian Army
Belgium
- Albert I of Belgium - King of Belgium (23 December 1909 - 17 February 1934)
Italy
- Victor Emmanuel III - King of Italy
- Luigi Cadorna - Commander-in-Chief of the Italian army
- Armando Diaz - Chief of General Staff of the Italian army
- Luigi, Duke of Abruzzi - Commander-in-Chief of the Adriatic Fleet of Italy (1914 - 1917)
Romania
- Ferdinand I - King of Romania
- Constantin Prezan - Chief of the General Staff of Romania
- Alexandru Averescu - Commander of the Romanian 2nd Army, 3rd Army, then Army Group South
United States
- Woodrow Wilson - President of the United States/Commander-In-Chief of the U.S. armed forces
- Newton D. Baker - U.S. Secretary of War
- John J. Pershing - Commander of the American Expeditionary Force
Japan
- Emperor Taishō - Emperor of Japan
- Ōkuma Shigenobu - Prime Minister of Japan (16 April 1914 - 9 October 1916)
- Terauchi Masatake - Prime minister of Japan (9 October 1916 - 29 September 1918)
Central Powers:Austria-Hungary
- Franz Josef I - Emperor of Austria-Hungary
- Karl I - Emperor of Austria-Hungary
- Conrad von Hötzendorf - Chief of the Austro-Hungarian General Staff
- Arthur Arz von Straussenburg - Chief of the Austro-Hungarian General Staff
- Anton Haus - Commander-in-Chief of the Austro-Hungarian Navy
- Maximilian Njegovan - Commander-in-Chief of the Austro-Hungarian Navy
German Empire
- Wilhelm II - German Emperor
- Erich von Falkenhayn - Chief of the German General Staff
- Paul von Hindenburg - Chief of the German General Staff
- Reinhard Scheer - Commander of the Imperial High Seas Fleet
- Erich Ludendorff - Deputy Chief of Staff of the German Army
- Wilhelm Souchon - German Naval Advisor to the Ottoman Empire
- Otto Liman von Sanders - German Army Advisor to the Ottoman Empire
Ottoman Empire
- Mehmed V - Sultan of the Ottoman Empire
- İsmail Enver - Commander-in-Chief of the Ottoman Army
- Mustafa Kemal Atatürk - Commander of the Second Army
Bulgaria
- Ferdinand I - Czar of Bulgaria
- Nikola Zhekov - Commander-in-Chief of the Bulgarian Army
- Vladimir Vazov - Bulgarian Lieutenant General
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