How were the efforts to disenfranchise African Americans finally overcome?

Efforts to disenfranchise African Americans were finally overcome through a combination of legal challenges, grassroots activism, and federal legislation. The Civil Rights Movement of the 1950s and 1960s mobilized widespread protests and advocacy for voting rights, culminating in the Voting Rights Act of 1965. This landmark legislation prohibited racial discrimination in voting and provided federal oversight of voter registration in areas with a history of discriminatory practices. Subsequent court rulings and continued advocacy further strengthened and protected the voting rights of African Americans.