What is a negative error in a vernier callipar?

A negative error in a vernier caliper occurs when the zero mark on the vernier scale does not align with the zero mark on the main scale when closed. This misalignment means that measurements taken will be slightly smaller than the actual size, leading to an underestimation of the measured object’s dimensions. To correct for this error, users can add the negative error value to their measurements. Proper calibration is essential to minimize negative errors in precise measurements.