How does voltage of cell compare with the voltmeter reading across flashlight bulb?

The voltage of the cell in a flashlight is generally equal to the voltmeter reading across the bulb when the circuit is closed and functioning properly. This is because the voltmeter measures the potential difference across the bulb, which should match the voltage provided by the cell, assuming there are no significant losses due to resistance in the circuit. If the bulb is functioning well and there are minimal resistive losses, the readings should closely align. However, if there’s a significant drop in voltage across the bulb, it may indicate issues like a poor connection or a failing bulb.