What region had the advantage during the start of the Civil war?

At the start of the Civil War, the South had the advantage of fighting on familiar territory and had strong military leadership, as many experienced officers were from Southern states. Additionally, the Southern economy was heavily dependent on agriculture, particularly cotton, which provided some leverage in international trade. However, the North had significant advantages in industrial capacity, infrastructure, and a larger population, which would play a crucial role as the war progressed. Overall, while the South had certain immediate advantages, the North's resources and manpower ultimately proved decisive.