How has fragmentation of landholdings affected production give reasons?

Fragmentation of landholdings has generally led to decreased agricultural productivity due to several factors. Smaller plots can limit economies of scale, making it more challenging for farmers to invest in modern equipment or techniques. Additionally, fragmented land can complicate crop management and increase labor costs, as farmers must travel between different plots. This often results in inefficiencies and lower overall yields, hindering the potential for sustainable agricultural growth.