What is acyclovir induced encephalopathy?

Acyclovir-induced encephalopathy is a rare but serious neurological condition that can occur in patients receiving acyclovir, an antiviral medication used primarily to treat herpes infections. This condition is characterized by symptoms such as confusion, seizures, and altered mental status, typically arising from high serum levels of the drug, especially in individuals with renal impairment. The encephalopathy is thought to result from neurotoxicity, and it often resolves with the discontinuation of acyclovir and supportive care. Prompt recognition and management are crucial to prevent long-term complications.