What is a system of ideas that explains many related observations and is supported by a large body of scientific evidence called?

A system of ideas that explains many related observations and is supported by a large body of scientific evidence is called a theory. In science, theories integrate and interpret a wide range of data, providing a framework for understanding phenomena and making predictions. They are continually tested and refined based on new evidence, distinguishing them from mere hypotheses. Examples include the theory of evolution and the theory of relativity.