How photo sensor work?

Photo sensors, also known as light sensors, work by detecting light levels and converting them into an electrical signal. They typically use semiconductor materials, such as silicon, which generate a flow of current when exposed to light. This current can then be measured and processed to determine the intensity of the light, allowing the sensor to respond accordingly, such as turning on lights or adjusting brightness levels. Common types include photodiodes, phototransistors, and light-dependent resistors (LDRs).