The major events in the creation of the Incan Empire include the establishment of the Kingdom of Cusco around the early 15th century, the reign of Pachacuti who expanded the empire significantly through military conquests and strategic alliances, and the subsequent consolidation of power under his successors, including Tupac Inca Yupanqui and Huayna Capac. The empire reached its greatest extent by the early 16th century, encompassing vast territories across western South America. The arrival of Spanish conquistadors in the 1530s marked the beginning of the empire's decline.
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