Basically these two valves differ in their construction and also in operation. In case of gate valve, there is a round or rectangular wedge in the path of fluid which when lifted opens the valve. Gate valves are designed to operate at fully open or fully close condition. When fully open, the typical gate valve has no obstruction in the flow path, resulting in very low friction loss. In case of butterfly valve there is a flat circular plate is positioned in the center of pipe.The plate has a rod through it connected to an actuator on the outside of the valve. Rotating the actuator turns the plate either parallel or perpendicular to the flow. As the plate is always present within the flow, there is a pressure drop always induced in the flow regardless of valve position.
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