What is the means of depth of modulation?

Depth of modulation refers to the extent to which a carrier signal is varied in response to an input signal during modulation. It is typically expressed as a percentage and indicates how much the amplitude, frequency, or phase of the carrier signal is altered. A depth of modulation of 100% means the carrier signal is fully modulated, while lower percentages indicate lesser degrees of modulation. This concept is crucial in communications, as it affects the quality and efficiency of signal transmission.