To calculate the energy required to increase the temperature of the sand, you can use the specific heat capacity formula: Energy = mass x specific heat capacity x change in temperature. Plugging in the values: Energy = 2kg x 835 J/kg°C x (50°C - 40°C) = 16700 Joules. Therefore, 16700 Joules of energy must be added to the 2kg pile of sand to increase its temperature from 40°C to 50°C.
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