What is this number called 10000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000?

The number you provided is called a "googol." It is equal to 10 raised to the power of 100, or 1 followed by 100 zeros. This number was famously introduced by mathematician Edward Kasner in 1938. It is a concept used to illustrate the vastness of numbers beyond our everyday comprehension.