How is Fourier transform applied in image processing?

The Fourier transform is applied in image processing to transform spatial data into the frequency domain, allowing for the analysis and manipulation of image frequencies. This is useful for tasks such as image filtering, where high-frequency components can be enhanced or suppressed to reduce noise or blur. Additionally, the Fourier transform aids in image compression techniques by representing images in a more compact form, enhancing storage and transmission efficiency. Overall, it provides powerful tools for analyzing and improving image quality.