Why polar compounds have less Rf value?

Polar compounds have less Rf (retardation factor) values in chromatography because they interact more strongly with the polar stationary phase, leading to slower movement through the mobile phase. This stronger interaction results in a higher retention time, causing the compound to travel a shorter distance compared to non-polar compounds. As a result, polar compounds have lower Rf values as they exhibit less movement relative to the non-polar compounds in the chromatographic system.