Pythagoras' theorem is a mathematical principle stating that in a right triangle, the square of the length of the hypotenuse is equal to the sum of the squares of the other two sides (a² + b² = c²). Pythagorean triples are specific sets of three positive integers (a, b, c) that satisfy this theorem, such as (3, 4, 5) or (5, 12, 13). While the theorem describes the relationship between the sides of a right triangle, Pythagorean triples are concrete examples of integer solutions that adhere to this relationship.
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