What two parts of the microscope affect the amount of light passing through?

The two parts of the microscope that affect the amount of light passing through are the diaphragm and the light source. The diaphragm regulates the amount of light that enters the microscope by adjusting its opening size, allowing for better control of illumination. The light source, whether it be a bulb or LED, provides the initial intensity of light that illuminates the specimen. Together, these components influence the overall brightness and clarity of the image observed through the microscope.