How do you find covalacy?

Covalency refers to the type of chemical bond formed when two atoms share one or more pairs of electrons. To determine the covalency of an atom, you can look at its valence electrons—specifically, how many additional electrons it needs to achieve a stable electron configuration, typically resembling that of a noble gas. Atoms with similar electronegativities tend to form covalent bonds, and the number of shared electron pairs corresponds to the covalency. For example, carbon, with four valence electrons, has a covalency of four, as it can form four covalent bonds.