What factors contribute to the greenhouse effect?

The burning of carbon based fuels causes CO2 gas to build up in our atmosphere, normally plants take in the CO2, using the carbon portion in photosynthesis and releasing O2 which we breathe in and expel CO2 ourselves, before the industrial age and the burning of fuels there was an atmospheric balance, but since the start of burning coal, petroleum and gases we have been pumping more CO2 into the atmosphere which is causing solar rays to get trapped. This is causing an increase in global temperature.