Describe the changes in public education at the end of the 18th century and beginning of the 19th century?

At the end of the 18th century and the beginning of the 19th century, public education underwent significant transformations, particularly with the push for universal education in Europe and America. The Enlightenment ideals emphasized reason and individual potential, leading to increased advocacy for formal schooling and the establishment of public schools. Reforms included the introduction of state-funded education systems, the development of standardized curricula, and a shift towards more secular, inclusive educational practices. This period marked a move away from elitist, church-controlled education towards broader access for children from various social backgrounds.