When did absolute monarchs begin to appear in Europe?

Absolute monarchs began to appear in Europe during the late 15th and early 16th centuries, particularly during the Renaissance period. This shift was marked by the centralization of power in the hands of kings, who sought to consolidate authority and diminish the influence of nobility and regional powers. Notable examples include Louis XIV of France, who epitomized absolute monarchy in the 17th century, and the establishment of similar systems in Spain and England. The trend continued into the 18th century, influencing the political landscape of Europe.