What literary devices are used in the poem this is the dark time my love?

The poem "This is the Dark Time, My Love" by Martin Carter uses personification (attributing human qualities to non-human entities) to convey the context of political oppression and suffering. It also employs imagery to evoke a sense of despair and hopelessness in the face of injustice. The repetition of the phrase "This is the dark time, my love" serves as a refrain that emphasizes the bleak reality of the situation.