What were the locations of the Bantustans based on?

The Bantustans, or homelands, were established in South Africa during apartheid as part of a policy to segregate the black population. Their locations were primarily based on ethnic and tribal identities, often reflecting historical territories of various African groups. However, many of these areas were economically unviable, geographically fragmented, and strategically located to minimize black South African influence in urban areas. This forced relocation and division were aimed at consolidating white political power and control over land.