Why did rural Americans as well as immigtrants move to cities in the US during the late 1800's?

During the late 1800s, rural Americans and immigrants moved to cities in the U.S. primarily in search of better economic opportunities and jobs in the growing industrial sector. The promise of higher wages and the availability of factory work attracted many, while rural areas faced challenges such as agricultural decline and natural disasters. Additionally, cities offered access to services, education, and a more vibrant social life, which further drew people from the countryside and abroad. The rapid urbanization was fueled by advancements in transportation and the allure of the American Dream.