What insects or animals live on the lithosphere?

The lithosphere, which is the rigid outer layer of the Earth, hosts a variety of insects and animals adapted to its conditions. Common inhabitants include ants, beetles, and various soil-dwelling invertebrates, which play crucial roles in soil aeration and nutrient cycling. Larger animals, such as burrowing rodents and reptiles, can also be found in these terrestrial environments. Additionally, many microorganisms, including bacteria and fungi, thrive in the lithosphere, contributing to its ecosystem.