A new species can form through a process called speciation, which often occurs when populations of the same species become isolated from each other due to geographic barriers, such as mountains or rivers. Over time, these populations may undergo genetic changes and adaptations to their specific environments, leading to reproductive isolation. If the differences become significant enough, the populations can no longer interbreed, resulting in the emergence of a new species. Other factors, such as sexual selection or changes in ecological niches, can also contribute to the formation of new species.
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