How were the factories of the late 1800's different from factories before the civil war?

Factories of the late 1800s experienced significant changes compared to those before the Civil War, largely due to advancements in technology and the rise of industrialization. The introduction of steam power and later electricity allowed for larger-scale production and increased efficiency. Additionally, the late 19th-century factories often employed a system of mass production and assembly lines, contrasting with the more artisanal and craft-based production methods prevalent before the war. This shift also resulted in a greater reliance on unskilled labor, including women and children, leading to harsh working conditions and long hours.