What was one of the economic challenges facing the US after the civil war?

With the conclusion of all major combat in the American Civil War in the Spring of 1865, many North-South problems had only just begun. The daunting task facing both regions of America was how to 'reconstruct' the South for the sake of restoring prosperity in general and also for the sake of integrating the freed slaves into society. Other particular problems, such as passing much-needed reform legislation, readmitting Southern states into the Union, rebuilding installations and infrastructure, reincorporating former Confederate soldiers into society, preventing former slave-owners from dominating post-bellum society, and many other difficulties, were faced by those attempting to bring healing to the nation.