Who was able to write and read cuneiform in mesopotamia?

In ancient Mesopotamia, cuneiform was primarily written and read by scribes, who were trained professionals skilled in the art of writing. Scribes often came from elite classes and received formal education in temples or schools, where they learned to inscribe the complex symbols on clay tablets. Additionally, some members of the ruling and merchant classes could also read and write cuneiform, but the majority of the population remained illiterate.