Can airbag deployment blow out the windshield?

YES. Most passenger side airbags blow up against the windshield and then back to the passenger If the installation of the windshield is not done correctly with proper primers ( one for glass and one for the body) and proper urethane adhesive for the vehicle and the proper amount of urethane. Just like any thing else there is a rite way and a wrong way to do every thing. Some auto glass installers don't know that they are not following the proper procedures and some just don't care it's all about saving money and doing the job cheaper so they can make more money at your expense. Now with all that said. If a windshield is installed properly and the urethane has dried then NO. it will do it's job