How many steps require handrail?

According to the building code, handrails are required on both sides of a stair, except for in individual dwelling units, stairways less than 44" wide and stairs having less than four risers.

This means you need a handrail on at least one side of any stair more than just a single riser. (This is in addition to the requirement for guardrails if there is a dropoff to the side of the stair.)

In a single-family home, DIY setting, you may be able to get away with less, but it would probably be unsafe.

I think you will be fine if it is two foot or less that's the code for G.a