The Spanish explorer who took the Inca emperor Atahualpa hostage was Francisco Pizarro. In 1532, Pizarro captured Atahualpa during the Battle of Cajamarca, exploiting a surprise attack and the element of surprise. Pizarro later demanded a large ransom for Atahualpa's release, which was paid in gold and silver, but ultimately, Atahualpa was executed in 1533.
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