If you cut someone off while driving is that person legally allowed to follow you to your destination and confront you about it and if he is what steps are you allowed to take to ensure your security?

That's funny, I accidentally cut someone off today on the highway, a genuine mistake, but this guy ended up following me and parked behind me. He confronts me, yells at me, tells me he called the Highway Patrol and then asks to see my license. I give it to him, because I don't want trouble, but it kept bothering me that he called the CHP about it; when people cut me off, i usually shrug it off because they probably are sorry for it anyway.

So when i get home, i call the local CHP office and the officer says that they'll take the information, etc etc but they "can't do anything because [they] didn't see anything".

You have nothing to worry about (that is, if you're in California). I'm guessing it's the same all over the US...