The Domesday Book was a

The Domesday Book, also called the Doomsday Book, was a large census of the entire Kingdom of Britain.

It was a massive land survey that William the Conqueror commissioned in 1085 so he would know what the size of his kingdom as well as what it contained. He did this so he could know how much taxes he could levy on the people.

Willliam died before it was completed.

"there was no single hide nor a yard of land, nor indeed one ox nor one cow nor one pig which was left out".