How did people boil water before kettles were created?

Before the invention of kettles, people boiled water using various methods such as placing stones heated in a fire into a container of water. They also used pots made of clay, metal, or other materials that could withstand high temperatures, placing them directly over a fire. In some cultures, large leaves or animal skins were used to hold water while being heated by hot coals. These methods allowed people to effectively boil water for cooking, cleaning, or drinking.