How are Medicare and Medicaid programs created?

Medicare and Medicaid were established through legislation enacted by the U.S. Congress. Medicare was created in 1965 under the Social Security Act to provide health coverage for individuals aged 65 and older, as well as some younger individuals with disabilities. Medicaid, also established in 1965, offers health coverage to low-income individuals and families, with states administering the program under federal guidelines. Both programs have undergone various amendments and expansions since their inception to address the changing healthcare needs of the population.