What causes the intensity and duration of solar radiation received at any place to vary throughout the year?

The intensity and duration of solar radiation received at any location vary throughout the year primarily due to the tilt of the Earth's axis and its elliptical orbit around the Sun. As the Earth orbits, different regions receive varying angles of sunlight, leading to seasonal changes in solar intensity. Additionally, the length of daylight changes with the seasons, affecting the total solar energy received. This variation is most pronounced at higher latitudes compared to the equator.