What is Fascism and in what countries did it exist?

Fascism is a far-right authoritarian political ideology characterized by dictatorial power, extreme nationalism, and the suppression of dissent. It emerged in the early 20th century, with notable examples including Benito Mussolini's regime in Italy and Adolf Hitler's Nazi Germany. Other countries where fascist movements or regimes existed include Spain under Francisco Franco, Portugal under António de Oliveira Salazar, and various other European nations during and after World War II. Fascism often promotes militarism, anti-communism, and the belief in the superiority of the nation or race.