What is the process of preventing fertilization of eggs?

The process of preventing fertilization of eggs is known as contraception. This can be achieved through various methods, including hormonal contraceptives (like Birth Control pills), barriers (such as condoms), intrauterine devices (IUDs), and sterilization procedures. These methods work by either inhibiting ovulation, blocking sperm from reaching the egg, or creating an environment that is unfavorable for fertilization. Each method has its own mechanism of action and effectiveness rates.