What are the tools and techniques used in the study of geography?

The science of geography is likely the oldest of all sciences. Geography is the answer to the question that the earliest humans asked, "What's over there?" Exploration and the discovery of new places, new cultures, and new ideas have always been the basic components of geography.

Thus, geography is often called the "mother of all sciences" as studying other people and other places led to other scientific fields such as Biology, anthropology, geology, mathematics, astronomy, chemistry, among others.

Today, geography is commonly divided into two major branches - 1) human geography (also called cultural geography) and 2) physical geography.

Human geography, also known as cultural geography, covers a wide swath of human interaction with the land. Human geography includes language, religion, medicine, cities, economics, entertainment, and much more.