What obstacles did the united mine workers have?

The United Mine Workers (UMW) faced several significant obstacles, including strong opposition from coal mine operators who resisted unionization and sought to maintain control over labor practices. Violence and intimidation were common, as companies often hired strikebreakers and employed armed guards to suppress union activities. Additionally, legal challenges and government intervention, particularly during the Red Scare and various labor disputes, further complicated their efforts to organize and secure better working conditions, wages, and safety regulations for miners. Economic downturns also hampered their bargaining power, making it difficult to sustain strikes and maintain membership support.