Could a small boat be taken from West Palm Beach Florida to Freeport Bahamas?

No, not safely. You cross the Gulf Stream, which has a strong current and can have large swells (15 - 20 ') even in fairly good weather. If you had to ask this question, you must not be a certified Captain, and without really good navigation equipment, and weather equipment it would not be worth it. I have crossed from Jupiter and West Palm to Freeport and the West End, 100+ times and have had conditions and wave heights change significantly during the trip. Plus once you get over there, you still have to find good enough conditions to get back, and could have to wait for days.