What is bad governance and their characteristics?

Bad governance refers to the ineffective, corrupt, or unethical management of public resources and affairs, leading to negative outcomes for citizens. Characteristics include lack of transparency, accountability, and participation, as well as widespread corruption, arbitrary decision-making, and failure to uphold the rule of law. Poor service delivery and disregard for human rights are also common traits, resulting in diminished trust in government institutions. Ultimately, bad governance undermines social cohesion and economic development.