the assembly line was an industrial breakthrough. beform the assembly line, from complex machinery to simple goods were produced by a skilled artisan/worker or a group of them. these people were very skilled and knew their profession very well but with such a small labor force, it took quite a while for them to produce one good thus the price for that good was very hihg. this in turn only allowed the wealthy people to afford it. this also restricted the employees available. only skilled people can do the work so anyone who wants to be employed must learn the skills first.
with the assembly line, each task of the production was assigned on a single worker. this means that no long does it take a skilled worker to produce one good. instead, a team or even army of workers can each do one part, whether it be be to screw in one bolt or paint a door, and with enough workers, the product will be finished. since there is a huge workforce, products get made with extreme efficiency thus lowering the price of the good. another advantage is how simple the task each worker has. this allows companies to hire cheap unskilled workers instead of hard to find and expensive skilled workers.
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