The rise of which two empires put an end to the small-state independence witnessed during the Bronze Age?

The rise of the Assyrian and Babylonian empires marked the end of the small-state independence that characterized the Bronze Age. These powerful empires expanded their territories through military conquest and centralized governance, subjugating smaller city-states and regions in the Near East. Their dominance led to significant political and cultural shifts, ultimately transforming the landscape of power in the ancient world.