What is given off during beta particle transmutation?

During beta particle transmutation, a beta particle (which is an electron or positron) is emitted from an unstable nucleus as it transforms into a different element or isotope. This process typically occurs when a neutron in the nucleus decays into a proton and an electron (beta-minus decay) or when a proton transforms into a neutron and emits a positron (beta-plus decay). In addition to the beta particle, a neutrino is also released during beta-minus decay, while a neutrino is emitted in beta-plus decay. Overall, this transmutation results in a change in the atomic number and, consequently, the identity of the element.